Case 4.4 Waste Management

Squander Management, Inc. Squander Management, Inc. , consolidated in 1968, had become an innovator in the business of waste administration administrations going from mechanical tasks to curbside assortment. This organization had gotten equivalent with a wide range of sorts of removal benefits that took into account the organization to develop and develop with a strong base throughout twenty-eight years. At long last in 1996, the organization revealed absolute resources of nearly $20 billion with overall gain near $200 million. Be that as it may, even with this development and strong base, the organization was feeling serious weights and overall gain was on the decline.Everyone from nearby to national assortment organizations were currently charging less to the client and this was negatively affecting the gross edges and total compensation of Waste Management. With a monetary record that was intensely founded on gear and land Waste Management was starting to see that the best way to stay with the developing was to utilize deterioration and rescue esteem control to bring down the immediate hits of these costs. Since the issues were getting sufficiently enormous to see, the SEC started stepping in to examine the tasks, resources and bookkeeping techniques that were being used.Due to this, the organization gave a discharge saying they would alter and repeating certain times of their announcing and giving new structure 10-Ks and 10-Qs. When the repetition happened and a $3. 5 billion dollar misfortune was discovered the company’s inaccurate bookkeeping forms were at long last uncovered. This brought about overall deficits for the organization just as obligation and value appraisals dropping steeply. The SEC currently propelled a conventional examination concerning the bookkeeping procedures and discovered numerous misquotes from maintaining a strategic distance from devaluation to ill-advised capitalization and inability to collect to appropriate liabilities .Many methods were utilized and the final product was that a large number of the administration team’s individuals were named as respondents for this situation as it was seen that they were the ones who were principally answerable for the execution of this extortion. Through the examination, it was discovered that Arthur Andersen assisted with propping the misrepresentation up by not requesting that PAJEs be attempted to address mistakes. Rather, Arthur Andersen, who saw Waste Management as their â€Å"jewel† customer, went into a concurrence with Waste Mangement to fix these mistakes in coming years.This established a consent to conceal misrepresentation and Andersen was then sued for common extortion by the SEC that conveyed an overwhelming cost. The organization stock plunged and Arthur Andersen’s accomplices were fined and prohibited from the reviewing of open organizations for as long as five years. This general absence of inner control and ravenousness in the organization eventually prompted a ruin for some accomplices and overseeing individuals at both Andersen and Waste Management. Case Questions: 1) Three conditions are regularly present when extortion exists.First, the board or workers have a motivating force or are feeling the squeeze, which gives them motivation to submit the misrepresentation demonstration. Second, conditions exist †for instance, missing or incapable inside controls or the capacity for the executives to abrogate controls †that give a chance to the extortion to be executed. Third, those included can justify the extortion as being reliable with their own code of morals. A few people have a mentality, character, or set of moral qualities that permits them to purposely submit a false act.Using knowing the past, recognize factors present at Waste Management that are demonstrative of every one of the three misrepresentation conditions: motivations, openings, and perspectives. Motivating force Management gr oups of traded on an open market organizations are consistently under tremendous tension from investors to meet and surpass profit desires. Numerous investors see year over year development, and execution versus income as an indication of soundness of the organization they’ve put resources into. The weight on supervisory groups is intensified when poor outcomes could without much of a stretch spell the finish of an executive’s residency with the company.In the instance of Waste Management during the 1990’s, originator and CEO Dean Buntrock made and sustained a whole culture of misrepresentation. While Waste Management kept on delivering bogus numbers to general society, Buntrock utilized organization cash to make beneficent commitments and present himself as a better than average, moral individual (Securities and Exchange Commission: 2002). He got a lot of cash while he executed the misrepresentation, and his official group was boosted for their job also. Opport unity At the time the misrepresentation existed, inward controls were nearly non-existent.The supervisory group utilized various ill-advised bookkeeping rehearses that didn't follow GAAP. As expressed before, CEO Dean Buntrock not just permitted inside controls to be circumvent, he urged them to be overlooked and formed bookkeeping strategy with the sole reason for making the focused on profit numbers each year. The inspecting firm, Arthur Andersen, LLP, was likewise appeared to have complicity. The accomplices at Andersen realized that the company’s strategies were not agreeable so they gave Waste Management proposed altering sections to their books.Waste Management would not make the alterations so Andersen had Waste Management approve a rundown of 32 stages the organization must do to change its practices. The record legitimately established an understanding among the two gatherings and obviously shows that Andersen knew about extortion that Waste Management had concealed before. Besides, Andersen didn't face the organization and kept on issueing unfit review assessments. Andersen was persuaded by insatiability, as they charged Waste Management over $25M in seven years.Additionally, until 1997, Waste Management had never employed a CFO or CAO that had not worked for Andersen before. During the 1990’s when the misrepresentation happened, 14 previous Andersen representatives worked for Waste Management, numerous in key positions. The conditions existed so an outcast, who could end up being an informant, appeared to not be permitted into the internal circle where the extortion was occurring. Squander Management could be guaranteed by the high charges it was paying Andersen that the organization would have a constant flow of possible fund/bookkeeping representatives who comprehended the misrepresentation and how to keep on executing it.Attitude One’s disposition and moral convictions shape how they perform under conditions throughout everyd ay life. The two primary reasons why individuals decide to act unscrupulously, as in the Waste Management case, are that their gauges are not the same as society in general, or the individual decides to act in a narrow minded way (Securities and Exchange Commission: 2002). Covetousness, acclaim and acknowledgment would all be able to be spurring factors for somebody to carry on unscrupulously. Squander Management’s Dean Buntrock had a lot of morals (or scarcity in that department) that permitted him to submit fraud.He was obviously inspired by avarice, was narrow minded, and had no issues with duping financial specialists. He gained nearly $17M in close to home riches while financial specialists lost billions of dollars of significant worth in their portions of Waste Management. He likewise maybe legitimized his conduct. He may have determined that his chances of being identified were exceptionally low since he realized that the reviewers at Arthur Andersen would give an inad equate review supposition paying little heed to how imaginative he got with his bookkeeping misrepresentation. The examiners additionally plainly acted deceptively in their dealings with Waste Management.Even however they knew that misrepresentation was happening, as expressed above, they kept on issueing inadequate review assessment and twist to the desire of Waste Management administrators. The evaluators never faced the organization, no doubt out of dread of losing a customer that paid them nearly $25M every year in charges. Furthermore, Waste Management had a reputation of recruiting Andersen examiners into significant level position, so they were carrying on of ravenousness too. 2) Review Waste Management’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 1996.Identify records whose adjusts were likely founded on noteworthy administration estimation methods. Portray the reasons why appraisals were required for every one of the records distinguished. Squander Management had a few fixed/long haul resource accounts whose adjusts depended on estimation strategies. On the December 31, 1996 monetary record, the Vehicles and gear account is horribly exaggerated. The organization â€Å"avoided deterioration costs on their waste vehicles by both appointing unsupported and expanded rescue esteems and broadening their valuable lives† (Arens: 2011).In different words, organization the executives swelled their â€Å"vehicles and equipment† account through estimation. With respect to the Land †removal destinations account, Waste Management likewise allocated irregular rescue esteems for some advantages that had no rescue esteems by any means. Appraisals are required in light of the fact that it is highly unlikely to decide precisely what the exchange estimation of a truck is a long time from now. The bookkeeping group must utilize their best judgment to appraise esteems dependent on at various times data.The domain of significant worth estimation is a noteworthy ill defined situation for bookkeepers where misrepresentation can be submitted. With that in mind, gathered devaluation is another record that is terribly downplayed on the December 31, 1996 asset report. Bookkeepers must gauge deterioration esteems dependent on a specific strategy for devaluation, yet they can decrease the impact of deterioration on the monetary record by falsely expanding the rescue estimation of advantages and additionally by protracting the evaluated helpful existence of an asset.Again, gauges are required on the grounds that an accountant’s supposition that is important to decide the normal qualities due to the inconceivability of anticipating what will occur later on. 3. Depict why records including huge administration estimation are for the most part seen as inalienably dangerous. a. When managing the board estimations, numerous diffe

Definition and Examples of Leading Questions

Definition and Examples of Leading Questions A main inquiry is a kind of inquiry that suggests or contains its own answer. On the other hand, a nonpartisan inquiry is communicated in a way that doesnt propose its own answer. Driving inquiries can fill in as a structure ofâ persuasion. Theyâ are explanatory as in the suggested answers can be an endeavor to shape or decide a reaction. Phillip Howard says: While we are on about inquiries of talk, let us put on the record for those being met on TV thatâ a driving inquiry is certainly not an antagonistic oneâ that goes to the stub and puts one on the spot(A Word in Your Ear, 1983). Notwithstanding TV news coverage, driving inquiries can be utilized in deals and advertising, in prospective employee meetings, and in court. In surveys and studies, a tricky inquiry can slant the outcomes: Unobtrusive leadsâ are questions that may not be promptly perceived as driving inquiries. Harris (1973) reports considers which show that the manner in which an inquiry is worded can impact the reaction. For instance, asking someone how tall a ball player is created more prominent evaluations than when respondents were asked how short the player was. The normal supposition of the individuals who were asked how tall? was 79 inches, rather than 69 creeps for the individuals who were asked how little? Hargie depicts an investigation by Loftus (1975) which detailed comparative discoveries when forty individuals were gotten some information about cerebral pains. The individuals who were asked Do you get cerebral pains every now and again and, assuming this is the case, how frequently? revealed a normal of 2.2 migraines every week, while the individuals who were asked Do you get cerebral pains sporadically and, assuming this is the case, how frequently? detailed just 0.7 every week. A few questioners may intentionally utilize inconspicuous prompts acquire the appropriate responses they want, however frequently neither the questioner nor respondent knows about the degree to which the wording of the inquiry can impact the response.(John Hayes, Interpersonal Skills at Work. Routledge, 2002) In Court In a court, a main inquiry is one that attempts to place words in the observer mouth or searches for the individual to reverberate back what the examiner inquired. They dont leave space for the observer to recount to the story in their own words. Creators Adrian Keane and Paul McKeown represent: Driving inquiries are generally those so surrounded as to recommend the appropriate response looked for. Along these lines it would be a main inquiry if counsel for the arraignment, looking to build up an attack, were to ask the person in question, Did X smacked you in the face with his clench hand? The best possible course is ask Did X do anything to you and, on the off chance that the observer, at that point gives proof of having been hit, to pose the inquiries Where did X hit you and How did X hit you?(The Modern Law of Evidence, tenth ed. Oxford University Press, 2014) Driving inquiries are not permitted on direct assessment yet are permitted on questioning and select different cases, for example, when the observer is named as an antagonistic one.â In Sales Creator Michael Lovaglia clarifies how sales reps utilize driving inquiries to check clients, outlining with a furniture store salesperson:â Purchasing a roomful of furniture is a significant buy, a major decision....The sales rep, standing by fretfully, needs to rush the procedure along. What would she be able to do? She most likely needs to state, So get it as of now. Its only a couch. However, that would not help. Rather, she poses a main inquiry: How before long would you need your furniture conveyed? The client may answer Right away or Not for a couple of months, until we move into our new house. Either answer fills the salespersons need. The inquiry expect that the client will require the stores conveyance administration, however that is genuine simply after the client purchases the furnishings. By responding to the inquiry, the client infers that she will proceed with the buy. The inquiry helps drive her into a choice that she had been questionable about until she addressed it.(Knowing People: The Personal Use of Social Psychology. Rowman Littlefield, 2007)

How Much Do People Spend on Fantasy Football

How Much Do People Spend on Fantasy Football How Much Do People Spend on Fantasy Football? How Much Do People Spend on Fantasy Football?Plus: How many work hours a week do people spend on their fantasy teamsâ€"and what percentage of players pay fellow league members to help them cheat?!With nearly 75 million people playing fantasy football all across the US, sometimes it’s hard to tell what folks like more: Watching actual football games or trying to crush their friends in fantasy.But playing fantasy football isn’t just about the sweetness of victory for most people, theres also the chance to win some sweet cash. So as fantasy football leagues across the country hold draft parties and gear up for their season, we wanted to know just how much money people are spendingâ€"and winningâ€"by playing fantasy. That’s why we conducted a survey of over 600 fantasy football players nationwide to get the skinny on how much they are paying to play.Our results found that people are mostly spending responsibly when it comes to fantasy football, with a median league buy-in of $50. O f course, responsible spending also means less exciting prizes, as players reported a median first place prize of only $350. Sure that’s nothing to sniff at, but it might just indicate that money is not the primary motivating factor behind playing. $350 won’t last you long while bragging rights last a full calendar year.Of course, for most fantasy football players, playing in a league means losing money. And for the vast majority of business owners, having employees that play fantasy football means losing money to unproductive work hours. To wit: A whopping 96.6 percent of fantasy football players surveyed said they spent time at their job working on their fantasy team, with a reported average of 6.9 work hours spent on their team per week. That’s almost a full workday lost!Check our survey results in the infographic below, then keep scrolling for some additional breakdowns, including a fun little behind-the-scenes story that led to our most surprising answer (click image to e xpand)How much do league members pay to play?In most leagues, players have to offer a buy-in in order to participate. The winner of the league then collects most of that pot at season’s end. Oftentimes, the second place finisher is also awarded a portion of the pot, while the third place winner is rewarded with having their buy-in returned to them. The size of the pot is determined by the size of the buy-in and the size of the league itself.When it comes to the average dollar amounts for buy-ins and payouts, plus the average number of members in each league, our survey results broke down as follows :Median number of people in a league: 12Median buy-in: $50Median first place: $350Median second place: $150Median third place: $50If you and your friends want to play fantasy football but you dont have a ton of spare cash, no worries! Restructuring your league fees is one of the ways you can play fantasy football without breaking the bank. For more, check our recent blog post,How to Cro wn a Fantasy Football Winner on the Cheap.Fantasy football drafts can be spendy affairs.While some fantasy football leagues simply hold an online draft, many others consider the draft to be an excuse to get together and party. Some go really all-out with it, but even the more modest drafts can be quite the affair. As such, league members will usually all pitch in money to fund the draft party as well as spend some additional dollars on their own food, drink, and transportation.According to our survey results, the average amount that each fantasy football player spent on their league’s draft party was $131. Adding in a $50 buy-in, the average cost of participating in a league is already at over $180â€"and the season hasn’t even started! Still, most of the costs with a league come up front, and the months of enjoyment that league members can get for their participation make it a pretty efficient spend.Players should rethink their draft strategy.There are currently so many fantasy football heads out there cranking out quality content that it can be totally overwhelming to try and settle on a strategy. Still, there is one thing that pretty much every expert agrees on: Don’t draft a quarterback first.The reasoning is simple. There are a lot of quarterbacks in the NFL putting up great stats, and there is only one starting quarterback slot on each fantasy team. Meanwhile, there are far fewer running backs with huge fantasy numbers and, besides, there are two running back and wide receiver slots on each team. Aiming for top running backs and receivers will put you at a far greater advantage than targeting a great QB.And yet, here were the results when we asked players which position they drafted first:56 percent pick a Quarterback first25 percent pick a Running Back first10 percent pick a Wide Receiver first3 percent  pick Defense/Special Teams first4 percent  pick a Kicker first2 percent pick a Tight End firstYikes. If you are serious about winning your fantasy league’s potâ€"or at least getting your buy-in back by finishing thirdâ€"then you seriously need to avoid drafting a quarterback in the first round. On this blog, we talk a lot about how people need a strategy if they want to take control of their finances, and the same goes for playing fantasy football … but a strategy that involves picking QB first is probably not a strategy worth following.Oh, and if you are part of the seven percent of players who drafted a defense/special teams or a kicker first, just go ahead and set your money on fire. Thanks.Punishments for finishing last weren’t too sadistic.The punishment for finishing last in your fantasy football league is a pretty good measure of what kinds of friends/coworkers you’ve managed to surround yourself with. Healthy competition is nice, but overly cruel or unusual punishments for last-place may be a sign that you should get some new friends or start applying for new jobs.Luckily, most of the punishments from our surv ey respondents were pretty normal stuff. Common punishments included:Buying drinks or a meal for everyone elseHosting and paying for a Super Bowl partyDisplaying a loser trophy of some kindWearing a rival team’s jerseySome respondents, however, reported forcing the loser to get a tattoo of the winner’s choosing. Wow. If this is the punishment chosen for the loser of your league, then we wish you luck. Seriously.A lot of workers spend A LOT of work hours on their fantasy teams.Having an office fantasy football league can be a great way to build camaraderie amongst coworkers. Unfortunately, it can also be a fantastic way to lose a lot of man-hours to your employees working on their teams instead of, well, their actual work.96.6 percent of fantasy football players who responded to our survey reported that they spend time at their job working on their fantasy football team. They also reported how much time they spend working on their team: An average of  6.9 hours per week.Given tha t the average workday is eight hours long, that means that the average player is spending  almost an entire working day per week on fantasy football. On the other hand, coworkers are also potentially getting extremely upset at each other over bad trades, close losses, and general tomfoolery … so really it’s a win-win?And what if one of those players turns out to be a big ol’ rotten cheater? What will happen to office morale then? You might think this isn’t a problem in your league, but judging by our survey results, the odds are definitely not in your favor.More players pay money  to cheat than we expected.Please enjoy this peek behind the OppLoans curtain:When we decided to run this survey, a few OppLoans employees had an impromptu meeting about what questions we should include. During this conversation, we got on the topic of how much money people spend on their  fantasy football team in total. One employee, who shall remain nameless, mentioned that a common expenditure in her experience was paying other league members in order to trade for their good players.The rest of us were aghast. This was clearly cheating. Staring back at us with a cold, dead stare, she replied that there was absolutely nothing wrong with this practice, that she assumed everyone did it, and that she felt no remorse. We decided to include a question about paying other league members for trades in this survey in order to get to the bottom of the issue once and for all.Well, judging by our survey results, at least some of horrified coworkers were actually lying liars wearing pants that most definitely on fire. An incredibly worrying 25 percent of fantasy football players surveyed reported paying other league members in order to grease a trade for a superior player. That’s one of out every four participants!In case you were wondering, our nameless coworker was very pleased with these results. The office fantasy football pool this season should be very interesting.If you enjoyed this piece, check out these other original surveys from OppLoans:Summer Jobs: Teens and Young Adults are Working (and Saving!) More Than You ThinkHow Much Would it Cost to Travel to Every Star Wars Filming Location?How Much Parents Spend on Their Kids State by StateHow do  you spend on fantasy football? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN

Manifest Destiny - 1555 Words

The Evolution Of Transportation Manifest Destiny was a widely spread belief that settlers in the United States should expand across North America. It was the belief that fueled the westward expansion. The westward expansion led to many other events in and around the United States. Before Manifest Destiny and the westward expansion the French and Indian War and Revolutionary War took place which allowed America to declare independence. Manifest Destiny was a big influence on the evolution of transport and technology. Before we look at the main influence on transport and technology we must look at what happened before Manifest Destiny. Some events helped to influence Manifest Destiny and the evolution of transport and technology. One event†¦show more content†¦The conflict was caused by British violations of U.S. maritime rights. The war ended in 1815 with the exchange of ratifications of the Treaty of Ghent. United States now owned territory up to the Missouri River and explored the Louisiana Purchase. After settling this territory Manifest Destiny became a very popular idea and belief. Manifest Destiny was used to justify the war with Mexico in the 1840’s which resulted in the U.S. owning more land that Mexico previously owned. The idea spread throughout the United States. It was such a popular belief because of the ideas behind it. Many of the ideas behind Manifest Destiny were influenced by the Second Great Awakening. Settlers believe that God blessed the expansion of America. They also believed that all Native Americans were heathens. By converting the Native American tribes they believed they were saving souls and were doing good. A symbol of Manifest Destiny is â€Å"Columbia† and it shows the figure moving across the land in advance of settlers, replacing darkness with light and ignorance with civilization. There was also other influences on Manifest Destiny. Such as the economic motives. Aspiring homesteaders were drawn in by the desire for more land. Once gold was discovered in California in 1848 the number of migrants increased drastically. The westward expansion had many big influences. Manifest Destiny was the main idea for expanding west. The Second Great Awakening was a big influence asShow MoreRelatedEssay On Manifest Destiny1709 Words   |  7 Pagesone of many seminal events in the history of the United States. However, it began the debt we are still in today; the Louisiana Purchase gave us the land that began the Manifest Destiny. â€Å"The term Manifest Destiny originated in the 1840’s when John L. O’Sullivan said in an article that it was the American colonist’s Manifest Destiny to spread over the continent and that God had given them the land for the sole purpose of multiplying and free development.† (History.com staff). It was this philosophyRead MoreThe Manifest Destiny Essay1076 Words   |  5 Pagesfull swing by the 1840s. Which evidenced that the continued expansion of the states was an issue and the idea of a Manifest Destiny was of major importance. John L. O’Sulliv an once stated, â€Å"Our Manifest Destiny is to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions† (America: A Narrative History). The idea of a Manifest Destiny originated in the 1840s by the Anglo-Saxon Colonists to expand their ideal civilization and institutions across NorthRead MoreManifest Destiny : Ideal Or Justification Essay883 Words   |  4 PagesManifest destiny: Ideal or Justification The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of U.S in 1803. But it is not enough for ambitious Americans, we are not satisfied, we wanted more territory. So western expansion did not end, it actually keep moved. Westward Expansion is a very significant part in U.S history. It operated perfectly based on the ideology called manifest destiny. However, the creation of this theory is on purpose. It was used to push U.S territory to further west. When the idea of manifestRead MoreManifest Destiny Is An American Philosophy Essay2281 Words   |  10 Pages Manifest Destiny is an American philosophy with which it is to justify how that country has understood their place in the world and how to relate to other people. It is a doctrine, phrase or idea that expresses the belief that the United States is destined to spread to the four winds as supports the idea that is, to expand on the territories conquered North America and, in general, on the Western Hemisphere. This doctrine was not free of racism, considering that the American people wereRead MoreManifest Destiny Research Paper :1382 Words   |  6 Pages2014 Manifest Destiny Research Paper: The 1840’S were years of unprecedented growth for United States; in a mere four years, the national domain more than doubled with an additional 1.2 million miles being added to the country. (PBS) This was due to a movement called Manifest Destiny that suggested that the United States was â€Å"destined† to stretch from coast, sea to shining sea, uninterrupted by anything or anyone. (History.com) However, complex and underlying motives guided Manifest Destiny advocatesRead MoreManifest Destiny And Westward Expansion Essay1447 Words   |  6 Pages1) OUTLINE: I. Topic sentence. Manifest destiny and westward expansion was a tremendous key component to the growth of the nation economically because of the impact it had on native americans, women empowerment, and expanding the population of the country. II. Significance of topic. Americans looked towards the western lands as an opportunity for large amounts of free land, for growth of industry, and pursue the manifest destiny. III. List of evidence related to topic. The railwaysRead MoreManifest Destiny: Term or Reality Essay1315 Words   |  6 PagesThe three authors that describe Manifest destiny have very different beliefs but all use one person with vastly different views on Manifest Destiny and his beliefs on the term. The person that first used the term in any form of writing was John O’ Sullivan and is accredited with coining the phrase but much of this time had this strong belief in expanding the territory and states of the United States. Their views on this term were different because some believed that the United States should expandRead MoreExplain The Background, And Repercussions Of Manifest Destiny1956 Words   |  8 PagesExplain the background, and repercussions of, Manifest Destiny. In 1845, John O’Sullivan wrote an Article in the ‘United States Magazine and Democratic Review’ in favor of the annexation of Texas. In this article the term ‘Manifest Destiny’ was created. O’Sullivan wrote â€Å"the fulfilment of our Manifest Destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions.† Thus supplying the American people with the idea that it was their God-givenRead MoreManifest Destiny, By John L. Sullivan1491 Words   |  6 PagesIt is hard to read anything about the history of the United States without coming across the term â€Å"Manifest Destiny†. Manifest Destiny is a term, which was first coined by John L. Sullivan in the summer 1845 issue of the Democratic Review. â€Å"Hence it was carried into the debate on the Oregon question in the House of Representatives and proved to be such a convenient summing up of the self-confident nationalist and expansionist sentiment of the time that it passed into the permanent national vocabularyRead MoreInsight about the Mexican War and the Manifest Destiny Essay1046 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Mexican War and how did it begin? or What is Manifest Destiny and who came up with it? Those are all very good questions, so let me take the time to give you some insight about the Mexican war and Manifest Destiny. The Manifest Destiny was the belief that the United States was destined to expand from coast to coast. It was the concept that which heavily influenced American policy in the 1800s. Americans supported the manifest destiny because the Southerners wanted more land and Northerners

Study Questions Essay - 2492 Words

Questions for Review Chapter 3 1.) What levels of meaning can be found in Genesis 1.1-2.4a? From Genesis 1.1-2.4a it can be discerned that God is the creator of all. He created the world and its inhabitants from a vast nothingness. The text reflects upon who God is and what His capabilities are through the act of creation. The verses allow that God is communicating with us. It is communicated what Gods will is for man and gives us a history of our beginnings. From the data provided in the verses, scientists can conclude as to the how and why the order of creation came about. For example, light was first, land second, and then plants. Light and land are needed for plats to survive. The passages allude to the fact that He and He†¦show more content†¦The mythology/fables of the ancient text are often aligned with that of the biblical scripture. However, the text of the two sources also conflict. Both accounts of creations give contribute to a deity. Ancient mythology gives credit to gods and goddesses who are often written to be in battle or conflict and the en d result is creation, whereas, Biblical writers give all credit to God. The theologies, mythology, and biblical accounts, give explanations that begin with contingent events that make creation its outcome. Both accounts characterize chaos before the creation. The two versions agree on the chronological order of creation. The Sabbath day is original to Biblical text even through its origins are obscure. There has been no distinct text for Near Eastern mythology that contradicts the Biblical tale. Chapter 4 1.) What are the data that led scholars to arrive at the Documentary Hypothesis? How does the Documentary Hypothesis explain this data? The argument over the material that is comprised of the first five books of the Bible and that Moses was the author is speculated to be hypothetical. The data that led scholars to arrive at the Documentary Hypothesis points out that there is no evidentiary support or documentation to back up the information claimed in the first five books. The Documentary Hypothesis includes repetition, shows similarities, reflects inconsistences,Show MoreRelatedCase Study Questions1940 Words   |  8 Pagesa. Is Mercury an appropriate target for AGI? Why or why not? b. Review the projections by Liedtke. Are they appropriate? How would you recommend modifying them? c. Estimate the value of Mercury using a discounted cash flow approach and Liedtke’s base case projections. c. Do you regard the value you obtained as conservative or aggressive? Why? e. 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Chronic Injuries Robbed Ken Griffey Jr. of Homerun King...

He hit 600 home runs (5th most all time), won 10 gold gloves, and made 13 All Star Games. In almost 150 years baseball history, only the great Willie Mays can match Ken Griffey Jr. in these statistical categories. However, despite these extraordinary stats, Ken Griffey Jr. may be the ultimate â€Å"What Could Have Been† player. An incredibly promising career was derailed in the latter half by chronic injuries that robbed him of hundreds of games. If not for these injuries, Griffey was well on his way to becoming the Home Run King (Stark, 2010) and possibly the greatest player ever. Despite these setbacks, Griffey is still revered as one of the greatest and most popular MLB players ever. The savior of baseball in Seattle and the lone star to†¦show more content†¦He gained endorsements with Pizza Hut and General Mills, and had his own Nintendo video game and Nike shoe line. He also appeared in many TV shows such as The Simpsons and The Fresh Prince of Bel Air, as well a s movies, and wrote his own autobiography (Ferguson, 2011). His 1989 rookie card remains the most popular baseball card ever. During the prime of his career in the late 1990s, he was easily the most popular baseball player and possibly even most popular athlete in the world. Nowhere in the country is he more popular than in Seattle, where he is considered the savior of baseball in the city. In the 1980s, the Mariners were a historically moribund franchise playing in the crumbling Kingdome. Prior to his arrival, the Mariners had been seriously considering a move to Washington DC, but that all changed once Griffey came (Fort, 2000, p. 313). His exciting style of play immediately attracted fans and attention to the franchise (Caple, 2010). In 1995, Griffey led a miracle rally to the Mariners first playoff appearance in decades (Reader, 2010), and capped the season by scoring the game winning run to defeat the New York Yankees in the first round (Schaefer, 2003, p.6). His rise rejuvenated baseball and the city in general, leading the building of the new stadium, Safeco Field, dubbed the â€Å"House That Griffey Built†. Griffey’s most enduring legacy, however, was being one of the few star players who were not involved in

Markets Marketing And Strategy

Question: Select a company from the automotive sector (e.g. Ford, Peugeot, Toyota, etc.) and then research and write a report that addresses each of the following elements:a) Analysis of the industry and business environment.b) Assessment of the companys assets and resources.c) Segmentation within the sector and the segment(s) targeted by your chosen company.d) A discussion of how, if at all, an understanding of these three elements is related to the businesss performance. Answer: Introduction Jaguar has been a leading car manufacturer in the mid/high end sports cars and SUVs. In the wake of recession in the past sequential years, the company has witnessed a gigantic change in general execution since procurement by Tata Group, as of late taking a benefit in abundance of 1.5bn in Fy'12. It confronts rivalry from German firms, for example, BMW and Mercedes Benz, who work in a comparative segment, both achieving 285% of JLR's unit deals in the past few years. Jaguar Cars, established in 1922, is one of the world's premier makers of extravagance cantinas and sports cars, for example, their most recent auto: the F-Type deal mid-2013. Hustling variations of most models are accessible, e.g. XKR-S, permitting access to the lucrative execution auto market with a deal value of79,995 relying upon design (Jaguar 2012). SWOT Analysis of Jaguar Strengths Tata Motors' takeover bid has supported speculation potential; 1.5bn. Successful new products e.g. Range Rover Evoque that has been one of its biggest grosser. Railhead terminal has increased distribution potential (Jaguar 2012). Weaknesses Half the execution per employee of BMW as a result of exchanges union impact. Lost past owners (ford's) relevant experience in the sector after obtaining. Opportunities Rapid development of BRIC economies, for example, China; at minimum 7% genuine annual GDP development since 1999. the consumers becoming more environmentally conscious, credit of 340m secured to direct RD. Weakness in the currency supports JLR exports, drives revenue increase of 37% from fy'11-'12. Threats Few eco-accommodating offerings means climbing fuel prices may unfavourably influence JLR sales. Powerful exchange union influence in the UK has proportionally greater effect on JLR proficiency to contenders. Foreign organization may weaken brand image and deter UK clients (Kpmg 2013). Industry and Business environment All in all, vehicles created by Jaguar fall into the extravagance cantina/sports auto or extravagance SUV classes. Various car manufacturers contend practically straightforwardly with Jaguar in these parts, the biggest. These figures speak to the worldwide oligopolistic business; there are numerous locale particular varieties (Kpmg 2013). Case in point, in the United States, Chrysler has served as an essential contender to Jaguar, with 43,000 units sold contrasted and Jaguar's 5,000 for the past two years. The worldwide car industry is liable to a scope of variables that are increasing complexity and impacting the financial alternatives accessible to auto makers (Unescap 2007). The maximum share of these elements associates with each other and have strong interdependencies. Notwithstanding, some of these variables are business sector prompted and, consequently, can't be impacted straightforwardly by the car makers. Globalization, regionalization and business joining - Due to the impacts of liberalization the national markets are progressively globalized. This gives OEMs the opportunity to grow to new markets, additionally expands the risk of new participants or expanded rivalry in conventional markets. Cases in point, European OEMs right now confront a forceful deal hostile by Hyundai. The opposite part of globalization is localization, which implies that nearby tastes and customer inclination must be considered by organizations. The idea of institutionalized "world auto" as advanced by Ford a couple of years prior would not succeed in today's reality (Unescap 2007). An alternate issue for any OEM is business sector union because of digitalization of very nearly all items and worth include forms. Available side, the expanded pervasion of items with computerized engineering prompts new vertical and level organizations between different varieties of organizations consequently progressively dispos ing of customary industry limits. This inevitably brings up the issue for an organization in the matter of who is an accomplice and who is a rival in the organization's field of the business (Jaguar land rover 2012). Increasingly broadened customer total examples of conduct - Consumers probably won't acknowledge institutionalized items, however need items that fulfil the individual necessities. Target assembles along these lines must be downsized by companies so clients will be pulled in by the items advertisement. On the other hand, on account of the expanded worldwide rivalry with a stronger concentrate on cost and not on brand faithfulness, buyers by and large don't compensate organizations for the more individualized items (Jaguar land rover 2012). Jaguars Assets and Resources Jaguars LAND ROVER is UK's biggest premium auto producing business, fabricated around two notable British auto brands: Land Rover, the world's leading maker of premium all-wheel-drive vehicles, and Jaguar, one of the world's chief extravagance sports cantina and sports auto marques. Most of the vehicles are built and planned in Britain keeping in mind they have aspiring arrangements for worldwide development, the focal point of the business stays in UK. The company has put billions of pounds in the condition of-the-craftsmanship generation, innovative work offices. Actually, Jaguar is the greatest UK speculator in RD in the assembling area and is in the worldwide main 100 for Rd use. This speculation, along with the progressing backing of the neighbourhood groups and support help the youngsters look for employments in car designing (Export 2010). A few year ago Jaguar sold around 425,000 vehicles of Land Rover in more than 170 nations - up around 19% from the past year. This has made Land Rover one of the biggest exporters by quality in UK, with around 80% of the vehicles produced in UK being sold abroad. The operations of Land Rover in UK occur at five locations, with three vehicle assembling plan. Two in Solihull and West Midlands at Castle Bromwich, one close Liverpool in Halewood - and other two propelled outline and building focuses at Whitley and Gaydon in Midlands. It is from these five locales that Jaguar Land Rover right now delivers the scope of vehicles that offer in excess of 170 nations (Export 2010). The organization is significantly growing its UK offices with another 500m Engine Manufacturing Centre close Wolverhampton, while expansive scale worldwide development and venture will see the development of further assembling plants in Brazil and China by 2015 and beyond. Jaguar Land Rover is additionally routinely putting resources into its current UK offices. The company proceeded with an extension tour for locales that has brought about a significant increment in jobs in late years. The organization's overall workforce is normal to grow by practically 11% amid the fiscal year 2013-14 to around 29,000 people (Land rover 2009). The HR vision and method is painstakingly composed to support long haul business objectives. As the company's safety Commitment expresses: 'our most prominent resource is our kin, nothing is more critical than the well-being'. Strong establishments have been laid for the society focused on development, collaboration and quality. Jaguar's Land Rover is resolved to equivalent opportunities, inclusion and advancing assorted qualities, with zero resistance of any type of segregation. Enhancing the sex equalization is a need at Jaguar land Rover, which offers an advancement program for ladies and works the decently respected Engineering network for Women, now in its twelft h year, and the women in innovation Sponsorship Scheme for female undergraduates intrigued by building professions (Defra 2011). The organization was honoured the 'Two Ticks' image in distinguishment of its activities to utilize, keep and create the capacities of handicapped staff. Differing qualities Councils compass the association, bringing arrangement to life, and best practice is perceived at the yearly Diversity + Inclusion Awards occasion, now enters its eighth year. Segmentation of cars of the company The car segments can be divided into A, B, C and D segment: Small Cars in segment A Lower Mid sized cars in segment B Upper midsized cars in Segment C Premium luxury cars in segment D Sports Utility Vehicles in segment E Multipurpose vehicles in segment F Upper D portion is the extravagance auto section and the prize scope of these autos will be over 25 lakhs. Jaguar Land Rover goes under the upper D segment. Purchasers enjoying towards these autos are a result of its execution, torque, beautiful, energetic and status (IBM 2010). A percentage of the purchasers are interested about the nation of starting point of the brand. Most extravagance autos hold their marquees as a flagship. To upgrade the brand's energy, most extravagance auto marquees have extended their image upward into another portion. Case in point Land Rover has extended into a section called upper games utility vehicle. Most present holders of extravagance autos have a tendency to have acquired an auto formerly; the client has possibly created a disposition towards it. Here a demeanour turns into an assessing judgment (desire or not longing) based on earlier or present experience, for example, past fulfillment from dealers or items and administrations (after deals and w arranty), driving knowledge and socio-economic status of clients (Capegemini 2004). The extravagance autos need to be a piece of its manager's life. It needs to give its holder the 'practicability' both in useful and perceptual purpose of view. That is the reason BMW and Mercedes-Benz have dominated the extravagance advertises all inclusive. Everything is made to encourage the clients furthermore highlight the holder's feeling of glory and status wherever it voyages. The incessant utilization of the autos will stimulate the impression of an extravagance life the managers pick up from their ownership (Capegemini 2004). Conclusion Jaguar has totally outperformed in the car industry in the previous five years. It has expanded well and improved its market share. The SWOT analysis shows that that the company has great ability to produce good quality automobiles at best prices. This can be attributed to the innovative practices being followed in the company. The policies of the company and quality standards being followed in the company have helped them in revolutionizing the automobile industry. The distinctive competency of Jaguar lies in its production system that has a lean manufacturing concept. Today the worldwide automobile demand seems to be tied to vehicle prices, product innovation and fuel prices. When it comes to product innovation and fuel efficiency the consumers always prefer cars that produce good mileage and provide comfort. Development of export markets has helped Jaguar in negating any kind of downturn in the domestic markets. They have a motivated workforce and good industrial relations that re duces any chance of industrial disputes. They have a god research and development team that focuses on functionality, environmental compatibility and safety of the cars. Having a good research and development team helps the company in having a strong leadership for almost all its product segments. They have a good outlook towards the global automobile market and this helps in gaining a double digit growth. There is intense competition from various car brands around the world and to meet the growing demands at cost effective prices Jaguar has taken effective steps to consolidate the market. Recommendations Jaguar should continue with the concentrated efforts to strengthen the management team and raise the corporate value of the company. Improving the cost structure and promoting the business proves to be effective when it comes to the development of the management team. By enhancing the business in established markets and reducing the fixed costs Jaguar can expect to have a streamlined structure. In the past Jaguar has been successful in expanding well in the emerging markets and it should continue with its efforts to enter markets with a lot of potential and consumer demands. Introducing new products to consumers that are fuel efficient will help the company in increasing its consumer base. Today with the increase in fuel prices around the world and increase in demand for innovative features in the cars the company needs to focus on including improved technology in its cost effective cars. In the Asian region the company should consider Chinese and Indian markets as they have huge amo unt of potential for luxury cars. They should focus on setting up facilities in different regions as it will help them in having cheaper delivery channels and cut down on the middle management. The engineers would be having more authority and it will be easier for the company to answer to the consumer needs. Today huge amount of consumers are focusing on buying environmentally friendly cars that utilize energy saving technologies. The research and development team of the company should focus on developing energy saving techniques without compromising on the quality of the car. Enhancing diversity of the workforce and increasing the power in the workplace would help them develop a consolidated management team on a global scale. Overall the company has been doing well globally and they should continue with their expansion plans to increase their market share around the world. References Jaguar 2012, Jaguar, accessed on 14th January 2015. Kpmg 2013, Global automotive retail market, accessed on 14th January 2015. Unescap 2007, Changing features of Automobile industry in Asia, accessed on 14th January 2015. Export 2010, Market analysis report, accessed on 14th January 2015. IBM 2010, Automotive 2002, accessed on 14th January 2015. Capegemini 2004, The changing dynamics of global hi-tech industry, accessed on 14th January 2015. Defra 2011, Abandoned vehicles, accessed on 14th January 2015. Senate 2012, Ford motor company, accessed on 14th January 2015. Jaguar land rover 2012, Jaguar land rover, accessed on 14th January 2015. Land rover 2009, Jaguar Land rover sustainability report, accessed on 14th January 2015.

Qualitative Research Paper Example Essay Example

Qualitative Research Paper Example Essay Statement of research question In this paper I’m going to demonstrate my knowledge of the qualitative methods of research applying them to a specific issue – the experience of Chinese students studying in Britain. First of all, I’ll start with a general overview of the existent qualitative methods of research focusing on advantages and disadvantages of each. Then, I’m going to choose a specific method most applicable to the problem in question and justify my choice. After it, I’m going to describe the specific details of the use of the chosen method in order to make a comprehensive conclusion. Details of methods to be used Qualitative methods of research are a well-established academic tradition in such fields as sociology, anthropology, history and geography. It’s characterized by certain principles, and they are should be better perceived not only as a discrete set of tools and techniques, but as complementary methods which can be used along a continuum of overlap with other methods. The main attention is dedicated to understanding different perceptions, aspirations and interests and how these impact the information about facts and events rather than trying to reduce them to one vision of reality. For instance, men and women often have different accounts of levels of family wealth and roles in the decision-making in family. Different people often have different views on power relations within organizations or companies. Qualitative research addresses these differences as indicators of relative power and as likely explanatory aspects in differential results of intervention. Qualitative research is also heuristic, interpretative and inductive. It develops freely rather than restricts itself to initial hypotheses or problem. Every study begins with an intensive familiarization with the context, institutions and policies to be researched and progressively have an overall comprehension of the related processes. Due to the focus on understanding complexity the scope and emphasis on the study are continually redefined as knowledge various aspects of the process enhances and new issues are brought in the limelight. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Research Paper Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Research Paper Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Research Paper Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer So, qualitative methods usually comprise (O’Connor, 2004): Participant-Observation Ethnography Photography Ethnomethodology Dramaturgical Interviewing Sociometry Natural Experiment Case Study Unobtrusive Measures Content Analysis Historiography Secondary Analysis of Data Studying the specific problem – the experience of Chinese students studying in Britain – I decided that this problem is interview. Interview allows gathering sufficient amount of information while taking into account a variety of perspectives. This method is known for the fact it allows to collect the most comprehensive information during face-to-face communication. It helps receive trustworthy responses because contact between the interviewers and interviewed is generated. Comparing all the methods described above, I can make a conclusion that this specific method is most relevant to the study of the problem in question, and although it’s rather effort and time consuming, it can render the most accurate picture. Details of selection strategy For the purposes of the research, I completed a questionnaire. It had two parts: the first part covered the issues related to study, while the second focused on the issues not related to study. I include the sample of this questionnaire: Part IAre you satisfied with studying in Britain? What field are you studying in? What was the reason for coming to Britain to study? Is language barrier an obstacle to studying? How is education system/process different in China and Britain? Do you plan to return find employment here or back home? Do you find knowledge and skills received during the course of your studies sufficient to become a good specialist? Do you feel that university facilities (i.e. libraries, computer classes, gyms) meet all your needs? Do you like the professors and the way they teach? Do you think that the atmosphere in the classroom is open and good for studying? What do you like most about studying in Britain? Did British education meet your expectations? What was the major disappointment about studying in Britain? Part IIDo you find British people friendly and helpful? Do you find your fellow students friendly and helpful? Did you feel a cultural shock after arriving to Britain? Did you find the authori ties (e.g. school authorities or dorm warden) supportive? Have you made friends with British students? If yes, how quickly and with how many people? Do you usually hang out with Chinese or British students? Where do you usually hang out? What do you do? Would you have a chance to do the same in China? Do you live at the dorm or somewhere else? If you live in the dorm, what do you think about living conditions, regulations, and atmosphere in the dorm? How student life is different in Britain and China? In your view, where are students’ right protected better, in Britain or China? Do you participate in extra-curriculum activities? Have you ever had a British girl/boyfriend? Do you think that British society is more liberal when it comes to question like sex or alcohol? What is the best and worst habit you’ve got into while studying in Britain? Have you ever noticed any signs of xenophobia, intolerance or discrimination towards you? There were also certain ad hoc questions. Senior students were asked one more question about their perceptions of Britain, school, and student life changing over the years. After synthesizing the raw data, I was able to get the general picture. As for the issues related to study, students reported high level of satisfaction related to the quality of studies. They often cited the reason for coming to Britain to study: China simply doesn’t have such good schools like in Britain. Students were especially excited about the opportunity to choose subjects themselves. The majority of male respondents study in the technical or economic field, the most widely cited examples were engineering, business administration and finance. Girls usually study philology and management. The students were fully satisfied with the facilities their universities offered, though many of them reported that the most reputable schools in China also have good equipment. The education system in Britain was more â€Å"serious,† as some students called it. In China, the dominant type of higher education institution is the so-called short-cycle college, while in Britain universities prevail. Language barrier was (and is) a problem for many Chinese students. Some of the students confessed that they were inherently shy, language barrier being an additional obstacle they were often afraid of speaking out. In the classroom, they were often silent and inactive because of the combination of these two factors. They also noticed that the professors focused more on the stronger students than weaker ones, while in China it’s vice-verse. The professors were reported to be very friendly and highly qualified, and many Chinese students recalled one or two professors that were helping them a lot during the whole course of studies. Many students believe that knowledge and skills acquired while studying in Britain were sufficient to become good specialists in their field. The strongest side of British education, in their view, is its closeness to real life – professors use practical example and often have much experience in the subject. The overwhelming majority was confident of their will to return to China to make a career – British diploma automatically guarantees them good employment chances. However, girls admitted that in China for a woman it’s still hard to find a decent job. Therefore girls would prefer to stay in Britain or go to some another country to study further or start a career. Generally, the most depressing experience for almost all the students were the feelings of embarrassment and helplessness during the first days in college or during a new course. They also experienced same feelings when performed badly during the studies. Chinese students are very diligent and hardworking, and discovering that their knowledge in a certain field is scarce due to the differences in high school curricula was a very unpleasant thing for them. One of the students even told me about the concept of â€Å"loosing face† applied to this issue. This concept is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and entrenched in virtually all aspects of social life. This concept is used to refer to a situation of public humiliation, and that’s one of the worst things that can happen to a Chinese. Therefore, this sort of experience was reported as painful and depressing. As for the social experience, here the students admitted the existence of certain problems. While they never noticed any signs of open discrimination, many of them failed to integrate fully in the student life. Though many British people were seen as friendly, some of them were indifferent and reluctant to help. (Getting these answers was especially hard and I had to tell them many stories of me facing discrimination abroad in order to have them talking about the way they really felt). But they told that the authorities were doing their best to help them. As for cultural shock, many students told that they wouldn’t describe their emotion after arriving to Britain as a shock. There was much surprise and confusion, but very few dared to call it a shock. Those who had had experience traveling abroad before coming to Britain told that the cultural shock was much stronger upon arriving to other countries, like the US or Russia. The only thing that was strikingly different was the concept of privacy. Chinese students were not used to privacy and had to learn to respect privacy of other students. Students believes that the national character of the British was very similar to Chinese – same respect for the law and tradition, same emphasis on holding back one’s emotional, same respect for cool reason and reserved character. However, the Chinese admitted that all these characteristics applied only to the older generation – fellow students were most frequently described as â€Å"crazy.† Still, Chinese students reported hanging out predominantly with the students of their own nationality. Chinese students named many British buddies and acquaintances, yet â€Å"true friends† were still to be found among the Chinese. Few spoke about British girl/boyfiend, and that was usually a short-term relationship. Chinese students quickly adopted the lifestyle of British students – the most widely cited leisure activity was a movie and pizza. Again, it took time to get the students talking, but many of them reported starting drinking and smoking in Britain. They believed that the British society was far more liberal than Chinese. Students living at the dorm described the atmosphere there as â€Å"incredible† with parties and accessible sex. Student life, as the Chinese students reported, was more vigorous in Britain, but they told it was â€Å"badly organized.† While the emphasis was on self-organization, this approach often failed. Details of access strategy and role to be adopted Now I’ll pass over to explaining the details of the use of interviewing process. I negotiated access to different groups of Chinese students ranging from freshmen to PhD students in the most convenient way – interviewing students at the faculty and dorm. As for the persona to choose, I introduced myself as a student from another university with a deadline for the coursework approaching. This generated compassion of the interviewed towards to interviewer. However, I didn’t express any familiar notes, because one of the weaknesses on this researched method is that interviewee may distort information through recall error, selective perceptions, desire to please interviewer. Strategy for recording and analysis When the interviewee grants permission, the easiest strategy for recording will be video/audio taping. In other cases, it should be summarized in notes. Detailed recording is a necessary part of interviews. Carefully crafted interview guides with ample space for taking down the interviewee’s answers are needed. As for data transcription and analysis, three strategies exist. According to the first one, â€Å"the interviewer (or in some cases the transcriber) listens to the tapes and writes a verbatim account of everything that was said. Transcription of the raw data includes word-for-word quotations of the participant’s responses as well as the interviewer’s descriptions of participant’s characteristics, enthusiasm, body language, and overall mood during the interview.† (Frechtling Westat, 1997) The major strengths of this transcription method are its completeness and a chance it affords for the interviewer to stay attentive and focused. The major weaknesses are the amount of time and effort necessary to produce complete transcriptions and the inhibitory impact tape recording has on some interviewees. The second strategy â€Å"draws less on the word-by-word record and more on the notes taken by the interviewer or assigned notetaker†¦This approach is recommended when resources are scarce, when the results must be produced in a short period of time, and when the purpose of the interview is to get rapid feedback from members of the target population.† (Frechtling Westat, 1997) Third approach is used when there is â€Å"no tape recording, but instead [the interviewer] takes detailed notes during the interview and draws on memory to expand and clarify the notes immediately after the interview. This approach is useful if time is short, the results are needed quickly, and the evaluation questions are simple.† (Frechtling Westat, 1997) I decided to use the second approach. I was taking quick notes during the interview and then summarized them, both analyzing and synthesizing. Discussion of ethical issues As for the ethical issue, cross-cultural perspective should be applied. The interviewer should remember that the definition of privacy and private information is different across the nations and cultural groups. The researcher should also be aware of the cultural references and sensitive issue every culture has. There are certain norms of behaviour the interviewer has to observe carefully while interviewing the Chinese students. For instance, the Chinese do not use their hands while speaking, and will be annoyed if an interviewer does so. The representatives of this nation also dislike being touched by unknown people. There is also a heavy emphasis on repressing emotion, so the interviewer should hold back the emotions while conducting the interview. As for deeper ethical concerns, the interviewer should keep in mind that Chinese people have great sense of collectivism. Therefore, they may be unlikely to share the information that can discredit the communities they belong to or to characterize them as antisocial persons. Also, the Chinese have great respect for authority, so they can be reluctant to speak their mind on the issues related to governmental policies or school administration’s decisions and actions. Therefore, an open disclaimer was made concerning the fact that the interview results were to be kept highly anonymous and wouldn’t be used for other reasons than scientific. A promise not to pass the information to the third parties was made. Conclusion In this paper I conducted the comparative analysis of different qualitative research methods in order to choose the most appropriate one to the study of the experience of Chinese students in Britain. The main advantages of this method are richer data and information about various dimensions of the same problem, opportunity to assess affective and cognitive aspects of responses, the chance to communicate face-to-face, be flexible, and explain or clarify interview questions. The weaknesses of this method include its expensive and time-consuming nature, large volume of information, often with a large percent of irrelevant data included, and distortion of information due to recall error, selective perceptions, or desire to please interviewer. Another disadvantage discovered during the formulation of the research strategy was the need to take into account a variety of ethical issues and behavioural models. I can conclude that â€Å"[i]nterviews provide very different data from observations: they allow the evaluation team to capture the perspectives of project participants, staff, and others associated with the project.† (Frechtling Westat, 1997) References:

Cleaning Ambulance essay

Cleaning Ambulance essay Cleaning Ambulance essay Cleaning Ambulance essayYou can consolidate and save money. You don’t need the toxic products some departments use.   The driving force behind selecting a chemical to clean an ambulance should be the type of organism the chemical is meant to eliminate.   With the single exception of Clostridium difficile (commonly known as C diff), which requires a chlorine-based cleaning product, most ambulance providers need only low-level productsYou should have your cleaning plan schedule to conduct cleaning regularly and effectively. The plan should contain the time, place, and items that have to be cleaned along with the indication of detergent and cleaners that should be used to clean the interior of the emergency vehicle.Decontaminating an ambulance is a process. The first step is cleaning to remove debris. Only after a surface has been cleaned can it be decontaminated using one of three types of disinfection. The first, or highest level, is sterilization. Sterilization completely eliminates all organisms and is used for equipment that will be reprocessed (or reused) and comes into contact with mucus membranes, such as a laryngoscope blade. Chemical or steam-based sterilization can be used, but the correct procedure must be followed.  Disposable items don’t need a high level of sterilization. Non-critical items would include stethoscopes or blood-pressure cuffs. Cleaning of floors, stretchers and walls don’t require the same strict standards of the highest level of decontamination.You will require a gown, protective eyewear and special gloves when used. OSHA requires that providers wear dishwashing-type gloves, not disposable ones, when using any cleaning product, even disinfectant wipes. For the most part, wipes and paper towels used in the cleaning process are not considered medical waste and can be disposed of in the regular trash, even if bodily fluids are present. Using the regular trash to dispose of this waste will significantly cut cos ts. However, every state has different regulations, so she suggests reviewing state definitions regarding medical waste. One of the most effective disinfectants is a simple bleach and water solution, mixed at a ratio of 1:100.  PresentationWhile making a presentation, I conducted the preparation for the presentation collecting the information that I will need. In this regard, I collected and processed all the information, while preparing the pamphlet. First of all, I focused on the identification of major risks and threats which emerge in the course of the work of the average ambulance team. In this regard, it was easy to identify various infectious diseases, such as hepatitis, HIV, and others which may be transmitted to the ambulance staff from patients in case of not cleaning the ambulance properly. As I informed my team mates of the risks they are exposed to, I placed emphasis on the importance of cleaning the ambulance thoroughly and regularly. I explained them that cleaning t he ambulance is the only way to avoid developing an infectious disease being contaminated through the unclean ambulance environment. At first, my team mates does not really looked anxious about what I was telling them, until I noticed that the probability of developing an infectious disease in the unclean ambulance seven times higher compared to the clean one. After that I have noticed that my team mates have started to grow interested in what I was talking about.Then, I gave them the pamphlet printed for each team mate. I gave them some time to read and look through the pamphlet. After that I told them that it is not a mere pamphlet containing the general information on how to clean the ambulance. Instead, this is a set of recommendations which they would better take into account and follow, if they want to prevent them from catching an infectious disease or having other health problems. I told them that cleaning is easy when they know how and what to clean. Then, I asked them to l ook at the part concerning the planning and scheduling of the cleaning. I told them that it should a sort of the routine procedure for them† â€Å"It’s like washing your hands before having a meal during your service. You can’t just leave your ambulance unclean because it’s your health that is at stake†.Moreover, I tried to refer to the responsibility of my team mates, who started to object me that they do not really care about those threats they expose themselves to. I reminded them that cleaning the ambulance is not just the matter of their health: â€Å"Think of patients and your team mates? Don’t you care they can get a disease because of you, because of your laziness and negligence in cleaning the ambulance?† After that my team mates seemed to be more convinced of the importance of cleaning the ambulance. Then I asked them whether they know how to clean the ambulance properly. Naturally, they immediately responded positively. Then I asked them to look through the pamphlet again and asked several questions about how to clean the ambulance properly and my team mates could not respond to all of them properly. Hence, they agreed that they should work harder on learning how to clean the ambulance properly.

Do EU Regulations Provide Sufficient Protection From Child Essay

Do EU Regulations Provide Sufficient Protection From Child Exploitation Within Member States - Essay Example (Beckett, 2007) The European Convention on Human Rights 1950 was a more general attempt to define the rights of humans and it was not a child centric legislation. However, it sets the overall tone of the regulation and suggests that the rights of children have also been considered. This is also significant in the wake of the fact that EU Court on Human Rights has developed significant level of jurisprudence to cover extensively human rights issues pertaining to children. (Bueren, 2007) Local and national governments in EU are considered to be closer to their communities and are considered in a better position to safeguard the interests of the children under the UN Human Rights Charter and Child Rights. It is critical to note however, that children did not featured as a voice in the overall policy making and legislative process in EU till late 1990s. At the time of formation of treaty, though there was an emphasis on bringing in equality between men and women however, children hardly featured into the overall policy making and legislative process in the region. (Renucci, 2005) The Amsterdam Treaty for the first time however, realized this anomaly and clarified new changes though which discrimination based upon age was discouraged. Amsterdam Treaty was enacted in 1997 and supplemented the European Union Treaty. The Article 13 of the treaty clarified that Children should be included in the treaty and discrimination against them should be treated equally along with adults. (Cockburn, 2010) The overall child protection can also be viewed from the perspective of social protection. Expenditure on social protection is considered as one of the indicators of how the 27 member States actually contribute and intervene into reducing predefined risks to... Most of the existing studies on the topic are the reviews of the legislations made over the period of time. This research study will focus upon exploring as to whether these regulations have been effective in achieving their objectives. This research study will therefore provide an insight into how future legislations need to be done in order to make them more applicable and result oriented. Ethics are normally concerned with right, wrong, good and bad and outlines as to how issues of moral concerns can be explored. Since exploring the issue of child protection involves understanding the ethical point of view also, it is therefore critical that ethical inquiry should be blended with the qualitative research design to explore underlying research issues.More appropriately, the existing regulations from EU with respect to child protection will be explored from the perspective of Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism outlines the greater good for the greater number of people and as such existing regulations pertaining to child protection may be viewed from utilitarian perspective. Quantitative research methods will also be employed to explore and understand the impact of the legislations on the reduction of child exploitation. For the purpose of this research, a sample set of 10 member countries will be chosen. This sample will be randomly picked countries officially admitted to the membership of EU since last 10 years.

Bilingualism and diglossia Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Bilingualism and diglossia - Assignment Example I will look closely at classic and extended diglossia, diglossia as a continuum, touch upon diglossia within the context of language shift and relationship between diglossia and language varieties. I will incorporate critical opinions of distinguished researchers within the framework of the discussion to provide consistency and comprehensiveness of the analysis and illustrate differences and similarities between diglossia and bilingualism with a number of examples of the way people interact within communities of such countries as Switzerland, Germany, Italy or New Zealand. Whether diglossia is really a kind of bilingualism is disputed. While a number of researchers categorize diglossia exclusively within the framework of bilingualism, others, to the contrary, treat diglossia and bilingualism as two separate linguistic phenomena in their own right, which tend to overlap each other. In this essay I will touch upon some aspects of diglossia within the context of its relation to bilingualism referring to the studies of the researchers who stress on both similarities and differences between diglossia and bilingualism. According to Charles Ferguson, who first introduced the notion of diglossia into linguistic discourse in 1959, diglossia and bilingualism are closely related notions (Ferguson, 1959). Diglossia is a widespread sociolinguistic phenomenon that applies to a situation within the framework of one speech community, when speakers use two or more language varieties depending on communicative context switching from either local dialect to the literary standard language or vice versa (Ferguson, 1959). For instance, a speaker may use a local dialect of Italian language when communicating to his/her family members at home or friends in informal atmosphere and switch to the literary standard Italian during public speech in formal atmosphere or during a conversation with compatriots from other regions of Italy. It must be noted that according to Ferguson, diglossia is

Oedipus Rex Essay Example for Free

Oedipus Rex Essay ‘Oedipus the King,’ also known as ‘Oedipus Rex’ is one of the three Greek plays about Thebes written by Sophocles. In fact the plays form a trilogy (Oedipus Rex, Oedipus Colonus and Antigone) with the same characters. The plays are sometimes referred to as the ‘Oedipus Plays’ since Oedipus is the main character. Sophocles’ genius lies in the crafting of these plays, and their characters, almost bringing them to life. Throughout the course of ‘Oedipus Rex’ he expresses the power of fate and predestination that leads the characters astray. In fact, it was the stubborn belief in superstitions and prophecies that Sophocles highlights. Both the heroes, Oedipus and Creon are popular tragic heroes of Greek mythology. Oedipus is bright and has profound intellect, but at the same time is quick to make rash decisions without much thought. Creon though is depicted as a man of reason, much more subtle, unlike the brash Oedipus. The play begins with Oedipus ruling Thebes with a firm hand. The people believe him to be their savior because Oedipus is the one who saves them from the curse of the Sphinx, a half female half lion monster, by solving her riddle. King Lauis who ruled before Oedipus had left Thebes for a while under the kingship of Creon. But King Lauis is killed. Meanwhile Creon offers his sister’s hand in marriage to anyone who could rid the city of the Sphinx by solving her riddle. It is Oedipus who is able to solve it, marries Jocosta (Creon’s sister), and gains rule of part of Thebes. From the beginning Oedipus is aware of that there is some curse on him. He learns from an oracle that he is destined to kill his father and mate with his own mother. But it is his over-bearing belief in this curse that eventually results in his fall. At the beginning of the play Oedipus is shown to have great strength of character and will, and is a man of understanding. People have a high regard for him and fear him the same. But the one weakness that lied in Oedipus was his impulsiveness. Throughout the play are numerous instances where Oedipus makes rash decisions, and is quick to jump to conclusions without much thought. His vanity leads him to kill Lauis over a mere brawl. Later when the blind prophet Tiresias warns him not to investigate the murder of Lauis, Oedipus is incensed and argues that Tiresias himself is the murderer. When the prophet reveals the truth, Oedipus is enraged, accusing the old man of corruption. He is bent on believing that Creon wants to seize power until he realizes that Creon himself chooses not to rule even thought he has the right to a third of Thebes. When Jocasta kills herself, Oedipus gouges his eyes with her broaches blinding himself in despair. And when he does learn the truth, he demands his own exile out of shame and disgust. Sophocles portrays Oedipus as a man of honor and dignity, a matter of prime importance to ancient Greeks. He was also a man of great intellect – another feature admired by them. The riddle of the Sphinx was baffling to say the least, but it was only Oedipus who could solve it. What is the creature that walks on four legs in the morning, two legs at noon, and three in the evening? To this Oedipus replies, Man (who crawls on all fours as a baby, walks upright later, and needs a walking stick in old age)[1]. Oedipus, in fact was a typical hero in every sense of the word. He was short-tempered, proud, and stubborn, with unflinching dedication and loyalty. He had a strong conscience, an intelligent mind and passion to do good for his people and his city. But worst of all was his inability to see clearly. Sophocles describes this by using a theme of ‘sight and blindness’ in the play often. Oedipus can see, but remains blind to reality. In contrast, the old prophet can see clearly even though he is blind. Such themes were often a part of Greek mythology. But the theme of blindness has special importance in Oedipus Rex – at times literal, at times metaphorical. Later when Oedipus learns that Jocasta has killed herself, and when he does learn that he fulfilled the prophecy, he blinds himself out of guilt, and anger at not being able to see or think clearly. Oedipus is over-bearing in many ways, and it is his over-bearing sense of self that misleads him so easily. After blinding himself he leaves to spend the rest of his life in exile, with the aid of his daughter Antigone. Creon, Jocosta’s brother, and Oedipus’ relative and friend stands in sharp contrast to Oedipus. In Oedipus Rex Creon plays the role of a calm and controlled man with a mind that reasons. Creon is a close friend of Oedipus, but that too does not keep the headstrong Oedipus from suspecting that Creon wanted to rule Thebes. Creon though claims that he is not interested in ruling Thebes, and that Oedipus is only a king in name, since he has the right to as much of Thebes as Oedious himself. He represents a semblance of diplomacy and stability. In fact, these were the very things lacking in Oedipus. Creon also shows traits of being much more reasonable. An example is when Creon brings news from the oracle and wishes to tell it to Oedipus is person. Oedipus though is insistent that it be told in public, not keeping anything from anyone. One can see various instances where the two heroes are opposing in their approaches, and manner of dealing with situations. While Oedipus can be called childish and haughty, Creon was much more clear-headed and foresighted. But there were some things that the two heroes shared in common. Both had won the hearts of the people, were respected, and loved the city of Thebes. They were also very keen followers of the Greek gods. Since most Greek mythology was built around gods and goddesses, they played a crucial role ion determining the course of the story. In fact the theme of gods and of predestination plays a key role in Oedipus Rex. Oedipus is always wary of his curse told to him by an oracle. He seeks help from Apollo to determine the cause of the plague. Creon too follows the will of the gods. When Oedipus demands to be exiled, Creon waits for approval from the gods before taking any action. It is worth mentioning here that if Oedious Rex and Antigone are compared, one can see that both the kings accuse the old prophet Tiresias of corruption when he tells them that the gods are against them. But there is also a clear difference that follows. While Creon tries to change, and amend his wrongdoings, Oedipus remains ‘blind’ and refuses to acknowledge his mistakes. Eventually, Oedipus is left wandering blind and lonely, while he leaves his daughters in Creon’s care.

Andro & Steroids :: essays research papers

In the passed few years there has been an increase in the popularity of performance-enhancing supplements that are used by athletes. Some of the most popular of these supplements are creatine and androstenedione. They are used by some very famous athletes in professional sports. There are many problems that go along with using these supplements that are not only health-wise, but also the message that is being sent to children involved in youth athletics. Athletes today are not thinking of what kind effects will happen to them in the long run. However, they are looking for easier ways of training and enhancing their performance. They are under a great deal of pressure to succeed and win all the time that it must be easier to find a short cut to being an elite athlete. In this paper I will explore the risks with these supplements, some regulations that are placed on athletes to, and if they truly work. Also I will give an overview of what both creatine and androstenedione are.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For as long as I can remember I have been involved in athletics of all kinds and have always loved the atmosphere that sports provide. Being involved in both high school basketball and golf and now finally playing golf for Xavier, I have been subjected to rigorous training and conditioning. Never once did I have the aid of any type of artificial supplement or performance-enhancing drug helping me condition or build muscles faster. However, when I was in high school I was Griffith 2 aware of may guys who were taking these supplements such as creatine and androstenedione and getting very muscular, extremely fast. â€Å"Creatine and androstenedione† were common words used around the halls of my school. Hearing these words made me curious about what exactly they were, what the effects they had on athletes, and if they were illegal. I found it very interesting that these supplements were somehow all over the news and that some really famous athletes had used them. I wondered if they were safe to use and if they had any side effects. In researching this topic of artificial supplements and performance-enhancing drugs, I had many mixed feelings about how I felt about their use by athletes. However, after my research was completed I have a firm opinion that these supplements should be banned from athletics all together.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many questions came up during my research of these performance-enhancing supplements. Among one of my first questions was, â€Å"What exactly are creatine and androstenedione?† This and many of the other questions I had about the supplements

Determination of Quinine in Tonic Water Essay

i. The selectivity of fluorimetry is greater than that of absorption spectrophotometry as it depends on excitation, absorption and emission spectra. As for fluorimetry, when molecule absorbs radiation and become excited, fluorimetry detects the intensity of light emitted from the molecule returns to ground state from excited state. Fluorescence is good at rigid molecules as it absorbs UV radiation. When two compounds are excited at the same wavelength radiation, they would emit different wavelength radiation as different compound has its unique spectrum. ii. Second, the sensitivity of fluorescence is greater than absorption spectrophotometry. As for absorption spectrophotometry, the concentration is directly proportional to the absorbance. However, in fluorimetry, concentration is directly related to the luminescent radiant power which is measured against a very small background. Moreover, flourimetry is easier to measure the small difference. Disadvantages: i. Quenching is resulted in a variety of processes such as excited state reactions, energy transfer, complex formation and collisional quenching occur. This will decreases the fluorescence intensity of a given substance and affects the experimental result. ii. Standard solutions or the fluorescent cells may be contaminated, leading to absorption some energy of the incident radiation and transmitted radiation. It will interfere the experimental results. iii. The reflection or scattering of the incident or transmitted radiation in the fluorescent cell may influence the accuracy of the intensity of the fluorescent. iv. Fluorescent substance will undergo decomposition in fluorimetry which is related to the solvent which control the pH, temperature and pressure interfering the excitation-relaxation fluorescence process. The line will be broadened and fused together to give a less structured spectrum in the presence of solvent. 2. Define the term â€Å"quantum efficiency† for fluorescence processes. How does temperature affect quantum efficiency? â€Å"Quantum efficiency† for fluorescence processes is the ratio of the number of molecules that luminescence to the total number of excited molecules. For some species which do not have propriety of fluorescent, the quantum efficiency will approach to zero. The quantum efficiency of a highly fluorescent molecule may approach unity under certain conditions. The quantum efficiency of fluorescence in a lot of molecules will decrease with increasing temperature. It is because the kinetic energy of the molecules and hence the frequency of collisions will be increased with increasing temperature. Some molecules will convert the excitation energy to heat instead of emitting light. So the number of molecules emits fluorescence and hence the fluorescence intensity will be decreased. Result: A calibration curve with fluorescent intensity against concentration of quinine hydrochloride in ppm was plotted by using least square method. The least square equation of the calibration curve is y = 3629. 7x – 12. 157. From this equation, the amount of quinine hydrochloride in the sample was calculated to be 78. 645 ppm. Conclusion: The least square equation of the calibration curve was y = y = 3629. 7x – 12. 157 and by calculation, the amount of quinine hydrochloride in Schweppes tonic water was 78. 645 ppm. According to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the limit of quinine content in tonic water is 83 ppm. The quinine concentration in Schweppes has not exceeded the limit.

Effects Of Drug Use On Society And Individuals - 932 Words

Beard 1 Skyler Beard Mrs. Aten English 9 Honors 19 February, 2015 Effects of Drug Use on Society and Individuals â€Å"The human brain is structured to ensure that individuals will repeat behaviors necessary to survival and well-being. To do this, the brain associates such behaviors with a â€Å"reward,† or feeling of pleasure†(Addiction). This natural occurrence in the body, this â€Å"pleasurable feeling†, has led to a plethora of harmful and dangerous substances being grown, manufactured, and sold, whether it be medicinal- for the use of sickness or injury (usually prescribed)- or illegally, which tend to be more harmful and more â€Å"alluring† so to speak, because of its illegality. Either it be legal or illegal, misuse of substances and eventual addiction harms not only the individual, but the community and society. As humans, we tend to think for ourselves, and ourselves alone. We can more often than not be coerced into doing things by our peers (known as â€Å"peer pressure†). Individuals who use and abus e drugs think nothing of the effect they have on others, rarely caring about the effect they have even on themselves. Adolescents usually get addicted, or just â€Å"have fun† and experiment with drugs like marijuana and nicotine. Adults, especially those who have suffered Beard 2 illness or injury. They take drugs like meth, cocaine, and heroine. Adults can also easily become addicted to theirShow MoreRelatedThe Movie The Wolf On Wall Street Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesDaring to Defy Drug Abuse If you have ever seen the movie The Wolf on Wall Street, there is no doubt you have seen the effects drugs can have. Leonardo DiCaprio portrays a high-strung stock broker reliant on a multitude of illegal drugs to keep up with his hectic life style. His addiction gets so severe that at one point in the movie, he is lying on the floor, unable to move due to the drugs’ effects on his body. 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